Understanding Antioxidants and Free Radicals
Antioxidants are compounds that neutralize free radicals, unstable molecules that can damage cells through a process called oxidative stress. Free radicals are produced naturally during metabolism, but they are also generated by environmental factors like pollution, UV radiation, cigarette smoke, and processed foods. When free radical production overwhelms your body antioxidant defenses, oxidative stress occurs. Over time this contributes to aging and the development of chronic diseases including heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions. Your body produces its own antioxidants, but you also get them from food. Vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and selenium are well-known antioxidants. Plant compounds like flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthocyanins also have powerful antioxidant effects. Eating a colorful variety of fruits and vegetables is the best way to ensure adequate antioxidant intake. Antioxidant supplements have largely disappointed in clinical trials and some have even shown potential harm at high doses. Whole foods provide antioxidants in the combinations and concentrations that our bodies have evolved to use.
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